Which syndrome is described by obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance?

Which syndrome is described by obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance?

• A. Overlap
• B. Obesity-hypoventilation
• C. Congenital central hypoventilation
• D. Metabolic

Answer: (D)

Metabolic syndrome describes a cluster of metabolic risk factors that tend to occur together and raise the risk of heart disease and diabetes. The key features include central obesity, dyslipidemia (high triglycerides and/or low HDL), hypertension, and insulin resistance or impaired glucose regulation. The description in the question—obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance—fits this syndrome because these components form the characteristic metabolic risk profile. In practice, a diagnosis is considered when three or more of these factors are present. The other options refer to different conditions: obesity-hypoventilation centers on reduced ventilation from obesity rather than the lipid and glucose abnormalities; congenital central hypoventilation is a rare pediatric breathing disorder; and “overlap” is not a defined metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome describes a cluster of metabolic risk factors that tend to occur together and raise the risk of heart disease and diabetes. The key features include central obesity, dyslipidemia (high triglycerides and/or low HDL), hypertension, and insulin resistance or impaired glucose regulation. The description in the question—obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance—fits this syndrome because these components form the characteristic metabolic risk profile. In practice, a diagnosis is considered when three or more of these factors are present. The other options refer to different conditions: obesity-hypoventilation centers on reduced ventilation from obesity rather than the lipid and glucose abnormalities; congenital central hypoventilation is a rare pediatric breathing disorder; and “overlap” is not a defined metabolic syndrome.